Hello everyone welcome in SONU LIVE ,in this article I will provide you all important questions related CLASS 6TH GEOGRAPHY NCERT chapter 3 and also important questions for UPSC.
MOTIONS OF THE EARTH
SUMMARY OF CLASS 6TH GEOGRAPHY NCERT CHAPTER 3 FOR UPSC
Q. What do you mean by rotation of the Earth? Ans. The movement of Earth on its axis is known as rotation of the Earth rotation of the Earth is from west to east it occurs day and night the speed of the rotation of earth is maximum at equator and minimum at poles.
Q. What is circle of illumination or line of illumination?
Ans. The imaginary line that separates light from the darkness and day from the night is known as the circle of illumination.
Q. What is the speed of rotation and revolution of the earth?
Ans. Earth revolves around the Sun at a rate of about 67,000 miles per hour (107,000 km/hr or nearly 30 km/s). At the same time, Earth rotates around its axis at about 1,000 miles per hour (460 m/s or 1,600 km/hr). Ho
Q. Why do the poles experience 6 month night and 6 month day?
Ans. Due to the tilt of the Earth on its axis, the Poles have around six months of day and six months of night.
Q. How many angles does our earth make with the orbital plane?
Ans. 66.5 degrees —- CLASS 6TH GEOGRAPHY NCERT chapter 3
Q. How many angles does our earth make with the line of illumination?
Ans. 33.5 degrees
Q. How many angles does our earth make with the line of illumination?
Ans. . 23.5 degrees
Q. What is perihelion and aphelion and when do they occur?
Ans. When earth is nearest to the sun, this condition is known as perihelion, and when Earth is farthest to the sun, this condition is known as aphelion.
Apihillion is occur on 4th of July and perihelion on 3rd January.
Q. What is meant by apogee and perigee?
Ans. The point of the orbit closest to Earth is called perigee, while the point farthest from Earth is known as apogee.
Q. Why do the Seasons change?
Ans. Due to both inclination and revolution of the earth, season changes.
NCERT SOLUTIONS
Question 1: Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What is the angle of inclination of the earth’s axis with its orbital plane? Ans-66.5 degrees
(b) Define rotation and revolution. Ans-The movement of earth on its axis is known as rotation and its movement around the Sun in an elliptical path is called revolution.
(c) What is a leap year? Ans- A year which has 366 days is known as leap year.
(d) Differentiate between the Summer and Winter Solstice. Ans-The summer solstice is the longest day of the year, and the winter solstice is the shortest day of the year. The summer solstice occurs when the sun is at its highest point in the sky, and the winter solstice occurs when the sun is at its lowest point in the sky.
(e) What is an equinox? Ans-It is the position of the Earth during spring and autumn.
(f) Why does the Southern Hemisphere experience winter and Summer Solstice in different times than that of the Northern Hemisphere? Ans-The Earth is tilted at an angle of about 23.5 degrees as it orbits the sun. This tilt stays constant throughout the year.This tilt means that different parts of the Earth receive different amounts of sunlight at different times of the year.When the North Pole is tilted towards the sun, it receives more direct sunlight, experiencing summer solstice. Meanwhile, the South Pole is tilted away, receiving less direct sunlight and experiencing winter solstice. This happens around June 21st.(g) Why do the poles experience about six months day and six months night? Ans-The poles experience six months of day and six months of night because of the Earth’s tilt on its axis.
Question 2: Tick the correct answer.
(a) The movement of the earth around the sun is known as
(i) Rotation
(ii) Revolution
(iii) Inclination
(b) Direct rays of the sun fall on the equator on
(i) 21 March
(ii) 21 June
(iii) 22 December
(c) Christmas is celebrated in summer in
(i) Japan
(ii) India
(iii) Australia
(d) Cycle of the seasons is caused due to
(i) Rotation
(ii) Revolution
(iii) Gravitation
Answer: (a) (ii) Revolution
(b) (i) 21 March
(c) (iii) Australia
(d) (ii) Revolution
Question 3: Fill in the blanks.
(a) A leap year has _ number of days. Ans- 366 days
(b) The daily motion of the earth is _ Ans- rotation
(c) The earth travels around the sun in _ orbit. Ans- Eleptical
(d) The sun’s rays fall vertically on the Tropic of __ on 21 st June. Ans- TropicofCancer.
(e) Days are shorter during __ season. Ans- Winter
QUESTIONS RELATED TO THIS CHAPTER
The speed of the earth’s rotation at the equator is about
a. 1,675 m per second
b. 1,675 km per hour- Ans
c. 1,675 miles per hour
d. 1,675 km per minute
The time of the day just before sunrise is known as
a. dusk
b. twilight
c. dawn -Ans
d. morning
Which of the following places enjoy day and night throughout the year?
a. Antarctic Circle
b. Tropic of Cancer
c. Equator – Ans
d. Tropic of Capricorn
In which of the following years, February has 29 days?
a. 2000 -Ans
b. 2010
c. 2014
d. 2006
Which one of the following factors is not responsible for the phenomenon of seasons?
a. Rotation of earth
b. Revolution of earth
c. Earth’s inclination
d. Gravitational pull on sun – Ans
The longest day in the Southern Hemisphere is on
a. 22 March
b. 22 September
c. 21 June
d. 22 December – Ans
Christmas is celebrated during the summer season in
a. Canada
b. Italy
c. New Zealand – Ans
d. Switzerland
On which of the following days is the sun overhead at the equator during noon?
a. 22 December
b. 21 March -Ans
c. 21 June
d. 4 January
Question B: 1. The earth rotates on its axis from ___________ to ____________
2. The axis of the earth is inclined at an angle of ___________
3. The variation in the length of days and nights is due to _____________ on the earth’s axis.
4. The earth’s orbit around the sun is __________ in shape
Question C: 1. The axis of the earth is always inclined in the same direction. ________
2. The diffuse light after sunset is known as dusk. __________
3. When the distance between the earth and the sun is minimum, the earth is in aphelion. _______
4. The Tropic of Cancer experiences the longest day on 21 June every year. ___________
Question D:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| 1. | Summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere | a. | 21 March |
| 2. | Winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere | b. | 21 June |
| 3. | Spring equinox in the Northern Hemisphere | c. | 23 September |
| 4. | Autumnal equinox in the Northern Hemisphere | d. | 22 December |
ANSWER:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| 1. | Summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere | a. | 21 June |
| 2. | Winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere | b. | 22 December |
| 3. | Spring equinox in the Northern Hemisphere | c. | 21 March |
| 4. | Autumn equinox in the Northern Hemisphere | d. | 23 September |
Question E:
Distinguish between the following
1. Rotation and revolution
2. Dawn and twilight
3. Perihelion and aphelion
4. Solstice and equinox
ANSWER
| Rotation | Revolution |
| It refers to the movement of the Earth about its own axis. | It refers to the movement of the Earth around the Sun. |
| This motion causes day and night. | This movement is the reason behind the occurrence of different seasons |
| Dawn | Twilight |
| The diffused light during sunrise is known as dawn. | The diffused light after sunset is known as twilight. |
| Aphelion | Perihelion |
| When the distance between the Earth and the Sun is maximum, it is called aphelion. | When the distance between the Earth and the Sun is minimum, it is called perihelion. |
| It is 151 million kilometres. | It is 146 million kilometres. |
| Solstice | Equinox |
| It is the position of the Earth during summer and winter. | It is the position of the Earth during spring and autumn. |
| It is of two types: summer solstice and winter solstice. | It is of two types: spring equinox and autumn equinox. |
Question F:
1. the earth stops rotating and revolving?
2. the earth stars rotating at a slower speed?
3. the earth stars rotating at a faster speed?
4. the earth’s axis becomes vertical?
ANSWER:. If the Earth stops rotating and revolving, there will be no change of seasons and no day and night.
2. If the Earth starts rotating faster, the length of a day would be less than 24 hours.
3. If the Earth starts rotating slower, the length of a day would be more than 24 hours.
4. If the Earth’s axis becomes vertical, the length of the day and that of the night would be equal at all places throughout the year.
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