Hello everyone welcome in SONU LIVE ,in this article I will provide you all important questions related CLASS 6TH GEOGRAPHY NCERT chapter 2 and also important questions for UPSC.
GLOBE :- LATITUDES AND LONGITUDES
SUMMARY OF CLASS 6TH GEOGRAPHY NCERT CHAPTER 2 FOR UPSC
Q. What is equator latitude and longitude?
Ans. The imaginary line which divides the earth into two equal parts is known as equator, the imaginary line which drawn from east to west is known as latitude and the imaginary line which drawn from north to south of the Prime Meridian is known as longitude.
Q. What is the latitudinal longitudinal value of India?
Ans- India lies between latitudes 8° 4’N and 37° 6’N, and the longitudes 68° 7’E and 97° 25’E. The Tropic of Cancer passes through the country, dividing it into nearly two equal parts.
Q. What are the heat zones of the earth?
Ans-The Frigid Zone, Temperate Zone, and Torrid Zone are the three different heat zones of the Earth.
Q. Why do we need longitude and latitude lines?
Ans-We need longitude and latitude lines to locate places on the glow geographical coordination of distance and direction from the Earth’s equator.
Q. Why do we have Standard Time?
Ans-We need a standard meridian for India because of the vast longitudinal extent of the mainland. Thus, there is a time lag of two hours from Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh.
Q. What is the average distance between two latitude lines?
Ans-111 km
Q. What is the average distance between two latitudes?
Ans-110.567 km
Q. What is the distance between two latitudes near 45° ?
Ans-110.948 km
Q. What is the distance between two latitudes near 90° ?
Ans-111.699 km
Q. what is the distance between two latitudes near the equator?
Ans- 110.567 km
Q. what are the total number of latitudes and latitudinal lines?
Ans- Total number of latitudes are 181 and total number of latitudinal lines are 179 because north pole and south pole are not lines these are curve.
Q. What are the total number of longitudes and longitudinal lines?
Ans- The total number of longitudes are 361 and total number of longitudinal lines are 360.
Q. what are torrid zone, temperate zone and frigid zone?
Ans- The Torrid Zone is just the hottest of the different zones since it is closest to the equator. The Temperate Zone can be broken into two zones along either side of the Torrid Zone and has temperatures in the range from warm to cool. There are two Frigid Zones, one at the North Pole and another at the South Pole.
Q .Why temperature decreases from equator to poles?
Ans- Because the sun’s rays do not fall directly that over Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, there are falls slanting on the region.
Q. When and where did Standard Meridian of time Discover?
Ans-Standard Meridian of time discovered in 1884 in Greenwich observatory London
Q. What are the changes take place as we move from equator to pole?
Ans- As we move from equator towards the pole, the distance between two longitudes decreases, and the maximum length between two longitudes is near the equator.
Q. What is the distance between two longitudes at 40° ?
Ans- At 40° the distance between two longitudes is 85 km
Q. What is zero degree, or what does it mean?
Ans-Zero degree at Greenwich observatory is known as Prime Meridian.
Q. What is Chaibagan time zone?
Ans- In Assam, tea gardens follow a separate time zone, known as the Chaibagan or Bagan time (‘Tea Garden Time’), which is one hour ahead of IST. Still, Indian Standard Time remains the only officially used time.
Q. What is international date line?
Ans- The line which passes through the Pacific Ocean near barium sea is known as international date line.
as we move from Eastern hemisphere to Western hemisphere we gain one day and in words we lost one day .
NCERT SOLUTIONS
(a) What is the true shape of the Earth?
Ans-The true shape of the Earth is an oblate spheroid. This means it is slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. This is due to the Earth’s rotation. As the Earth spins, the centrifugal force causes the equatorial region to bulge outward, while the gravitational force pulls the poles inward. (b) What is a globe? Ans- A globe is a spherical model of the Earth, of other celestial bodies like planets or moons, or of the celestial sphere itself. (c) What is the latitudinal value of the Tropic of Cancer? Ans-23.5 degrees N
(d) What are the three heat zones of the Earth?
Ans-Torrid Zone: Also known as the tropics, this zone is located between the Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S). It receives the most direct sunlight throughout the year, resulting in a hot and humid climate. Temperate Zone: This zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle (66.5°N) in the Northern Hemisphere and between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle (66.5°S) in the Southern Hemisphere. It experiences milder temperatures with distinct seasons. Frigid Zone: Also known as the polar regions, this zone encompasses the areas beyond the Arctic Circle in the Northern Hemisphere and the Antarctic Circle in the Southern Hemisphere. It receives the least direct sunlight, resulting in cold and icy climates.
(e) What are the parallels of latitude and meridians of longitudes? Ans-Parallels of latitude run east-west and measure distance north or south of the equator, which is at 0 degrees latitude. The highest latitude is 90 degrees north at the North Pole and 90 degrees south at the South Pole.
Meridians of longitude run north-south and measure distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, which passes through Greenwich, England, at 0 degrees longitude. The farthest longitude is 180 degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian.
(f) Why does the Torrid Zone receive maximum amount of heat? The Torrid Zone, also known as the tropics, receives the maximum amount of heat from the Sun due to its location between the Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S). This region experiences the Sun’s rays at a more direct angle throughout the year compared to other latitudes. As a result, the Sun’s energy is concentrated over a smaller area, leading to higher temperatures.
Three primary factors contribute to the Torrid Zone’s intense heat:
- Direct Sunlight: The Sun’s rays reach the Torrid Zone with greater intensity due to its proximity to the equator. This direct sunlight concentrates energy over a smaller area, increasing the heat intensity.
- Year-round Sunlight: Unlike temperate and polar regions, the Torrid Zone experiences the Sun’s rays overhead or nearly overhead throughout the year. This continuous exposure to direct sunlight contributes to the region’s consistently high temperatures.
- Shorter Path of Sunlight: The sunlight reaching the Torrid Zone has a shorter path through the atmosphere compared to other latitudes. This reduced atmospheric interference allows more of the Sun’s energy to reach the Earth’s surface, further intensifying the heat.
In summary, the Torrid Zone receives the maximum amount of heat due to its direct exposure to the Sun’s rays throughout the year, the intensity of sunlight at its latitudes, and the shorter path of sunlight through the atmosphere. (g) Why is it 5.30 P.M. in India and 12.00 noon in London? Ans-India and London are in different time zones, which is why there is a time difference between the two places. India is in Indian Standard Time (IST), which is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). London is in Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), which is the same as UTC. Therefore, when it is 12:00 noon in London, it is 5:30 PM in India. This is because India is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of UTC, and London is the same time as UTC.
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