Kingdom Fungi is a kingdom of multicellular eukaryotes with all the heterotrophic forms. Yeasts are mostly unicellular, but they live in multicellular colonies. Within the Kingdom of Fungi, yeast is a polyphyletic group of species. Although many yeasts are known to switch between unicellular and multicellular lifestyles depending on environmental factors.
Penicillium
Maximum antibiotic are derived from many form of fungi. Fungi can grow in insolation like mushroom. It can grow in colony or group like Aspergillus. Colony of fungus known as Mould like bread mould. Aspergillus fungus grows in spoiled food and release Aflatoxin which can cause cancer or liver related problems.
Fungus can have diverse ways of existence like it can grow in insolation (mushroom), can form the colonies (mould) like Aspergillus releases a toxin termed as aflatoxin which can cause serious health implications in humans including liver cancer in children
Fungus can form association like Lichens and Mycorrhizae. It can also act as parasites like Albugo Candida which is a prominent parasitic fungus on mustard. Trichophyton and Microsporum can skin, hair and nail infection in humans. Many forms of fungi are pathogenic that is disease causing example Mucormycetes which was wrongly termed as black fungus.
LICHENS
It is a symbiotic association between an algae and fungus. Algae being a producer it will prepare food through photosynthesis. Lichens are the pioneer species in rock succession first species to occupy the bare rock which is later accompanied with mosses (a form of bryophytes) . They are important air pollution indicators.
FUNGUS
It will provide shelter to the association and through fungal Hyphae it will help in better absorption of water and minerals.
MYCORRHIZAE
It is a symbiotic association of fungus with roots of higher plant. Better absorption of water and minerals through fungal Hyphae. Root of higher plants (Gymnosperms and Angiosperm) means complex plant. Mycorrhizal biotechnology is using genetic modifications for inducing the formation of mycorrhizae. So that fungus can attach to the roots of higher plant.
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